Background: Early-pregnancy short sleep duration is predictive of gestational diabetes and preeclampsia;\r\nmechanisms for these associations are unknown. Leptin, an adipocyte-derived peptide involved in regulating food\r\nintake and energy expenditure, may play a role in these observed associations. Given inconsistent reports linking\r\nshort sleep duration with leptin, and absence of studies among pregnant women, we examined the association of\r\nmaternal sleep duration with plasma leptin in early pregnancy.\r\nMethods: This cross-sectional study included 830 pregnant women. Plasma leptin was measured in samples\r\ncollected around 13 weeks gestation. Sleep duration was categorized as: =5, 6, 7ââ?¬â??8 (reference), and =9 hours.\r\nDifferences in leptin concentrations across categories were estimated using linear regression. Analyses were\r\ncompleted for lean and overweight/obese women.\r\nResults: Overall, women with long sleep duration had elevated plasma leptin (p-value = 0.04). However, leptin\r\nconcentrations were not statistically significantly elevated in women with a short sleep duration. There was no\r\nassociation of leptin with sleep duration among lean women. Among overweight/obese women, a U-shaped\r\nrelation between leptin and sleep duration was observed: Mean leptin was elevated (Ã?Ÿ = 21.96 ng/ml, P < 0.001)\r\namong women reporting =5 hour of sleep compared with reference group; and women reporting =9 hours of\r\nsleep also had elevated leptin (Ã?Ÿ = 4.29 ng/ml, P = 0.09).\r\nConclusions: Short sleep duration, and to a lesser extent long sleep duration, were associated with elevated leptin\r\namong overweight/obese women. These data add some evidence to help understand mechanistic relationships of\r\nsleep duration with pregnancy complications.
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